GRAVES FAMILY BULLETIN
Vol. 16, No. 9, Sept. 11,
2014
A
Free, Occasional, Online Summary of Items of Interest to Descendants of all
Families of Graves, Greaves, Grieves, Grave, and other spelling variations
Worldwide
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Copyright
© 2014 by the Graves Family Association and Kenneth V. Graves. All rights reserved.
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CONTENTS
**
General Comments
**
Sharing the GFA Workload
**
Computer Program Needing to be Created
**
Free Y-DNA Test Kit Available
**
Autosomal DNA Test Matches to Support Common Graves/Greaves Ancestry
**
Multiple Graves/Greaves Ancestries
**
New Study Shows Neanderthals and Modern Humans Co-existed for Thousands of
Years
**
Mapping Migration in the United States
**
Interesting Items from The Weekly Genealogist
**
To Submit Material to this Bulletin & Other Things
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GENERAL
COMMENTS
This
bulletin is slightly shorter than usual because I will be traveling much of
this month. Many of the articles
in this issue are about using DNA to find ancestry and relationships, and
various items that I found interesting.
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SHARING THE
GFA WORKLOAD
GFA FACEBOOK GROUP
Vann
Graves and I have been the two administrators for this group. Partly because of the growth of this to
more than 1200 members and partly to assure that someone is always available to
monitor the group, two more administrators have been added. They are Concetta Phillips and Karen
Beverly.
GRAVES/GRAVES DNA PROJECT
Co-administrators
will be added to this project soon, but that has not yet happened.
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COMPUTER
PROGRAM NEEDING TO BE CREATED
BACKGROUND
Y-DNA
testing is the best way to determine Graves/Greaves ancestry and to discover
which individuals and family groups share a common Graves/Greaves
ancestor. Family Tree DNA (FTDNA)
is the only testing company that provides a large selection of Y-DNA tests
(using testing of both STRs and SNPs) for genealogical purposes. The master Y-DNA results table (on the
FTDNA website) summarizes all the STR (short tandem repeats) test results on all
Graves/Greaves males who have taken this test. This table can be viewed a couple of ways from the FTDNA
website, or by going to the GFA website, clicking on the ÒY-DNA Test ResultsÓ
link on the DNA drop-down menu at the top of the page, and then clicking on the
ÒY-DNA Test Results on FTDNA WebsiteÓ link part way down that page.
In
that summary table, all Y-DNA test results are arranged into groups that appear
to be descended from a common ancestor within genealogical time. As you can see by looking at the
groups, all samples within that group must be part of the same haplogroup (as
determined by SNP testing).
However, if anyone in one of these groups checks his Y-DNA matches, he
may not see a match with everyone else in that group. That is because of the restrictions that FTDNA has put on
how a match is defined. There can
be no more than a certain number of differences between results for it to be
considered a match. Also, if all
or most of the differences are in one narrow area, a person may match another
at 111 markers but now at 37 or 67 markers, or they may match at 37 but not at
67 markers. So how do we figure
out from Y-DNA results who is descended from a particular ancestor and who
isnÕt? That is one problem.
Another
problem is that some descendants of certain genealogies donÕt seem to belong to
any of the presently existing groups.
Sometimes that may be caused by an ancestor being adopted, changing
surnames to inherit property, being descended from a daughter, etc. There are probably also situations
where a genealogy may be descended from a Graves/Greaves ancestor who first
took that name when surnames were originally adopted but very few descendants
have been tested. This is
especially apt to be the case in England and other European countries where
fewer people have been tested than in the U.S. However, other times they may really share a known common
Graves/Greaves ancestor, but a greater-than-usual number of mutations may make
the connection uncertain. An
example is genealogy 37 for William Graves of SC and TN. All test results for that genealogy are
presently in the R-Ungrouped group.
However, they look very similar to results in the R1-377 group for
Grave/Graves Families of Cambridgeshire and Cumbria. But how close are they to that group and should they be put
there?
DESCRIPTION OF NEEDED
SOFTWARE TOOL
What
I would like to have is a software program that would analyze Y-DNA STR test
results and determine how closely related they are. This could show how closely one group is related to others,
it could show how closely results from a particular genealogy are related to
each group, and it could create some sort of ancestral tree (like the
haplogroup trees that are presently created from Y-DNA SNP testing, or some
other numerical or graphical format that makes sense. There are existing graphical clustering analysis programs
that provide one way to do this, but I have not seen any analysis tool that
provides what I would like to have.
In
addition to the number of matches or mismatches at various numbers of markers,
an analysis toll should ideally be able to account for some markers mutating
faster or slower than others. Also
to be considered is that one or more markers with the same value for a subset
of samples within a group may indicate that those samples are all part of a single
line within a genealogy, while other mutations may not be meaningful.
If
anyone has ideas about this and can help create a tool to do something like
this, or knows of anyone else who might be able to help, please let me know. This might be a good computer science
project for a child or grandchild, as well as an interesting project for an
older computer-savvy person.
Thanks.
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FREE Y-DNA
TEST KIT AVAILABLE
There
is a 37-marker Y-DNA test kit available for any male with the Graves/Greaves
surname from a genealogy that hasnÕt yet been tested, from an untested branch
of a tested family, or from someone in Europe who may not know whether he is
part of a tested genealogy (but who can provide some information on his
Graves/Greaves ancestry). This is
a kit that I purchased for someone to use but then couldnÕt be used.
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AUTOSOMAL DNA
TEST MATCHES TO SUPPORT COMMON GRAVES/GREAVES ANCESTRY
Dan
Ratchen, descended from John Graves (Johann Sebastian Graff) of genealogy 105
recently wrote that he has a Family Finder match with Robert Eugene
Bellamy. Both of them are
descended from genealogy 105 through William Lorenzo Graves (born 1818 in
Indiana) and Mary Ann McKinley.
They have a fairly large matching segment on chromosome 1, which is
probably from either the Graves line or the McKinley line. I have just updated the chart for
genealogy 105 on the Autosomal DNA page on the Graves Family Association
website.
We
need for you to let me know of your autosomal DNA matches that are probably on
Graves or Greaves ancestors so that I can add them to the appropriate
chart. I will need to know both
the chromosome and segment of that chromosome that the descendants share, and
the line of descent from that common ancestor (if I donÕt already have that
information).
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MULTIPLE
GRAVES/GREAVES ANCESTRIES
Charlotte
E. R. Graves recently wrote about her great-aunt, Geneva Frances Graves, born
1920, descended from genealogy 85 (Quaker family of Thomas Graves of New Castle
Co., DE). I found this especially
interesting because Geneva married Robert Montgomery Graves, son of Nathaniel
Lee Graves, Jr. who married Caroline Hanly, and grandson of Nathaniel Lee
Graves who married Florence ‑‑‑‑‑‑, all of
genealogy 270. Nathaniel Lee
Graves was a son of Alexander Graves, born 1800 in Granville Co., NC, and Ann
Graves. Alexander Graves was
descended from genealogy 169 (Capt. Thomas Graves of VA). Therefore, anyone descended from Geneva
Frances Graves would be descended from three different Graves families. After I wrote this, I had a very
enjoyable phone conversation with Judith Graves, a daughter of Geneva and
Robert Graves.
While
this may seem unusual, it is probably not as unusual as we might think. I suspect there are many more instances
of similar ancestries that we just donÕt know about.
AUTOSOMAL MATCHES TO PEOPLE
OF MULTIPLE GRAVES ANCESTRIES
I
have noticed that it is usual for anyone descended from a Graves or Greaves
ancestor to have autosomal DNA matches to people of multiple Graves/Greaves
ancestries. In a few cases, this
may mean the person has more than one Graves/Greaves ancestry, but usually it
is because the match is with a non-Graves/Greaves ancestor, and itÕs
coincidental that the matching person also has Graves ancestry.
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NEW STUDY
SHOWS NEANDERTHALS AND MODERN HUMANS CO-EXISTED FOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS
Recent
genetic studies show that up to 2% of DNA in todayÕs non-African humans is
Neanderthal in origin, suggesting the two groups did interbreed outside
Africa. An international study led
by the University of Oxford in the UK has mapped a robust timeline for the
disappearance of Neanderthals, finding that contrary to popular belief, they
overlapped with modern humans for up to 5,400 years, giving ample time for
cultures and genes to mix. The
results of their studies show that Neanderthals disappeared from Europe between
41,030 and 39260 years ago, which is long after modern humans arrived. You can see the article in Medical News
today by clicking here.
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MAPPING
MIGRATION IN THE UNITED STATES
The
New York Times website for Aug. 15 published an article containing a series of
three maps for the years 1900, 1950 and 2012, showing where people who lived in
each state of the U.S. were born.
These maps can be seen here.
ÒIn
1900, 95 percent of the people living in the Carolinas were born there, with
similarly high numbers all through the Southeast. More than a hundred years later, those percentages are
nearly cut in half.Ó
The
maps shown here are examples of a new kind of chart called a Veronoi treemap map.
ÒUpdated charts now show two views:
where people who live in each state were born, and where people who were born
in a state moved to.Ó If you click
on the Òinteractive graphicÓ link at the bottom of the article, you will see a
series of individual charts for each state showing where people born in each
state have moved from 1900 to 2012.
This could be of some help in tracing the migration of your ancestors
and family members.
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INTERESTING
ITEMS FROM THE WEEKLY GENEALOGIST
The Weekly Genealogist, online publication of the
New England Historic Genealogical Society, had a couple links to interesting
articles in the Aug. 13
and Aug. 26 issues (vol. 17, nos. 33 and 35).
ALEX
HALEY MUSEUM & INTERPRETIVE CENTER
Alex
Haley, well-known author of the book and TV mini-series Roots, is of special interest to Graves family members because he
may be descended from genealogy 270.
See his profile
on the Famous Family Members page on the GFA website. Even though my research indicates that the Graves ancestry
he was believed to have doesnÕt seem to be correct, and that he was descended
from a brother-in-law of a Graves family member, it is still possible (because
of cousin intermarriage) that he could be a Graves descendant by a slightly
different line. It would be great
if someone could research that possibility more thoroughly.
The
following paragraphs are excerpts from the newspaper article referenced in this
section heading. ÒIn honor of Alex
HaleyÕs 93rd birthday Aug. 11, a Literary Landmark Dedication Ceremony will
take place 3 p.m. Aug. 9 at The Alex Haley Museum &Interpretive Center.Ó
ÒAlex
HaleyÕs boyhood home, which was built by his grandfather, William E. Palmer in
1919, served as a seat of inspiration for HaleyÕs Pulitzer Prize- and National
Book Award-winning novel ÒRoots: The Saga of an American Family.Ó HaleyÕs works, life and legacy are
preserved by the museum.
You
can go to the museum website by clicking here.
WHEN
THE CEMETERY FILLS UP, SELL TICKETS
For
those of you interested in preserving cemeteries or in trends in burial
practices, this article in Bloomberg
Businessweek may be of interest.
An excerpt from the article is below.
"A
756 square-foot mausoleum site in Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, N.Y., will
set you back $320,000, enough to buy a big boat or a (very) small apartment
nearby. The high price of an indoor burial space-one bigger than some New
York homes—is perhaps the most rarefied of rich-people problems, but itÕs
indicative of a broader trend: New YorkÕs cemeteries are filling up. Green-Wood
will hit full capacity in five years, and thatÕs driving up the price of real
estate in the hereafter for rich and poor alike."
"The
cemetery, built in 1838, is the final resting place to Leonard Bernstein,
Jean-Michel Basquiat, and a half-million others. It has been trying to attract
history lovers since at least 2002. In recent years, the nonprofit cemetery has
taken to selling memberships and charging admissions fees for outdoor yoga
classes and trolley tours. An upcoming tour built around the grave of a 19th
century whiskey distiller, which costs non-members $30, has already sold
out."
"Elsewhere,
graveyards have sought to use mobile technology to make themselves more
accessible to visitors. Arlington National Cemetery, outside Washington, built
a smartphone app to help visitors navigate the graves of U.S. military
veterans. An crowdsourced genealogy project called BillionGraves is seeking to
catalog headstones around the world and charges $9.99 for premium
memberships."
The
following two links to articles in the Aug. 26 issue both touched on the
subject of issues that can cause problems in families, sometimes resulting in
challenges to our genealogical research.
CLASS
PREJUDICE DROVE OUR FAMILY APART
A
story from BritainÕs Guardian
newspaper about how prejudice could influence family dynamics.
A
reporterÕs story of how it is one thing to know that your family includes
slaves and quite another to see that history, with photos and other documents,
on display in a museum exhibit.
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ABOUT
THIS BULLETIN:
This
bulletin is written and edited by Kenneth V. Graves, ken.graves@gravesfa.org.
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